Women’s and Men's Health

General Women's Health

Women have health issues due to a complex reproductive system that makes them unique from men.

General women's health refers to women's overall physical and emotional well-being, including the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of a wide range of conditions and diseases that are specific to women or affect women differently than men. This can include reproductive health, gynaecological health, mental health, and overall physical health and wellness.

Women's Health also promotes healthy behaviours and lifestyle choices to help prevent or manage certain health conditions.

Among the many health issues impacting women, we’ll support you with the following:

• Health Checks
• Birth Control
• Implanon Insertion & Removal
• Menopause Counselling
• Fertility Treatments

If you are a woman with any questions or need advice, make an appointment to see your doctor.

Regular Health Checks

Regular check-ups with your doctor can help detect and prevent potential health problems.

Gynecological Exam

This includes a pelvic exam and Cervical Screening Test to check for abnormal cervical cells and other gynaecological issues.

Breast Exam

Women should perform self-exams monthly and have a clinical breast exam every 1-3 years, starting at age 20. Mammograms are recommended for women over 50 or those at higher risk of breast cancer.

STI Testing

Women who are or have been sexually active should be tested for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) regularly.

Blood Pressure, Cholesterol and Glucose Level

It's essential to check these regularly, starting at age 20, for any signs of heart disease, diabetes or other health issues.

Osteoporosis Screening

Women over age 65 or those at risk for osteoporosis should have a bone density test to check for osteoporosis.

Colorectal Cancer Screening

Women should begin screening for colorectal cancer at age 50 and continue until age 75.

Eye Examination

An eye examination is recommended every two years for women older than 45 or with vision abnormalities. You may need to be checked for glaucoma after the age of 45.

Flu Vaccinations

A flu vaccine is recommended once a year.

Birth Control

What is Birth Control?

Birth control, or contraception, is a method or device to prevent pregnancy. Several types of birth control are available, each with its benefits and risks.

There are many different methods of contraception to avoid pregnancy, including the oral contraceptive pill (OCP), the mini-pill, a condom, an intrauterine device (IUD) such as Mirena, an Implanon rod, the natural family planning method and more permanent measures such as tubal ligation and vasectomy for men.

Some of these methods are confined to women and others to men, while some are reversible and some are permanent.

Who is Suitable for Birth Control?

Most individuals who are sexually active and wish to prevent pregnancy are suitable for birth control. However, certain types of birth control may be more appropriate for specific individuals depending on their health status and lifestyle.

For example, women who smoke or have a history of blood clots may not be suitable for hormonal birth control methods, as these methods can increase the risk of blood clots. Women with previous surgeries or certain medical conditions may not be suitable for specific barrier methods, such as diaphragms or cervical caps.

Individuals unsure about their suitability for birth control or wish to learn more about the different types available birth control should consult a healthcare provider. They will consider the individual's overall health, lifestyle, and personal preferences to recommend the best birth control option for them.

What are the Benefits of Birth Control?

There are many benefits of birth control, including the following:

• Preventing pregnancy: The most apparent benefit of birth control is that it can help prevent unintended pregnancies. This can help individuals plan for and achieve their family size and timing.
• Regulating menstrual cycles: Birth control can help regulate menstrual cycles and reduce the symptoms of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and heavy or painful periods.
• Treating certain medical conditions: Birth control can treat certain medical conditions such as endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and acne.
• Improving overall physical health: Birth control can reduce the risk of certain types of cancer, such as ovarian and endometrial cancer, and improve bone density.
• Improving mental health: Birth control can reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety and also improve overall emotional well-being.
• Reducing the risk of certain sexually transmitted infections (STIs): Some types of birth control, such as condoms, can also help reduce the risk of certain STIs.

Birth control methods are for women and men and can be used by couples in a partnership. Birth control methods can also be used for other purposes besides preventing pregnancy, such as reducing the risk of certain types of cancer, managing menstrual symptoms, and reducing the risk of certain sexually transmitted infections.

Hormonal Methods

These methods use hormones to prevent pregnancy. Examples include:

• The birth control pill is taken orally and contains hormones that prevent ovulation.
• The patch is a small patch that releases hormones through the skin and is worn on the abdomen, upper arm, or buttocks.
• The ring is a small, flexible ring inserted into the vagina and releases hormones.

Abstinence

Abstinence means not having sexual intercourse. It is the only birth control method that is 100% effective in preventing pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases.

Barrier Methods

These methods physically block the sperm from reaching the egg. Examples include:

• Condoms are a barrier method placed on the penis or inserted into the vagina before intercourse.
• Diaphragms are a barrier method inserted into the vagina before intercourse and cover the cervix.
• Cervical caps are a barrier method inserted into the vagina before intercourse and cover the cervix.

Long-acting Methods

These methods are designed to be effective for extended periods and typically do not require daily attention. Examples include:

• The hormonal IUD is a small T-shaped device inserted into the uterus by a healthcare provider and releases hormones.
• The copper IUD is a small T-shaped device inserted into the uterus by a healthcare provider and does not release hormones.
• The contraceptive implant is a small rod inserted under the upper arm's skin by a healthcare provider and releases hormones.

Natural Methods

These methods rely on observing the woman's fertility signs to avoid intercourse during fertile days. Examples include:

• The rhythm method is a method that involves tracking the menstrual cycle and avoiding intercourse during fertile days.
• The basal body temperature method is a method that involves tracking the woman's basal body temperature to determine when she is fertile.

Permanent methods

These methods are intended to be permanent and are not easily reversible. Examples include:

• Tubal ligation (for women) is a surgical procedure that involves cutting or blocking the fallopian tubes to prevent fertilisation.
• Vasectomy (for men) is a surgical procedure that involves cutting or blocking the vas deferens to prevent sperm from reaching the semen.

Consult with your doctor to determine which method of birth control is most appropriate for you, taking into account factors such as your overall health, lifestyle, and personal preferences.

Birth Control Effectiveness

The effectiveness of birth control methods can vary depending on the chosen plan and how consistently and correctly it is used.

• Hormonal methods, such as the birth control pill, patch, ring, and injection, are highly effective when used as directed. The effectiveness of these methods can be reduced if doses are missed or are not used correctly.
  
• Barrier methods, such as condoms and diaphragms, are also highly effective when used consistently and correctly. However, their effectiveness can be reduced if they break or slip off during intercourse.
  
• Long-acting methods, such as IUDs and implants, are highly effective and do not require daily attention.
  
• Natural methods, such as the rhythm method, fertility awareness, and withdrawal, are less effective and may result in unintended pregnancies.
  
• Permanent methods, such as tubal ligation and vasectomy, are highly effective but are permanent and not easily reversible.
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Birth Control Risks and Side Effects

All types of birth control carry some risks and potential side effects. Common risks and side effects of hormonal birth control methods include:

• Headaches
• Nausea
• Irregular bleeding
• Weight gain
• Depression
• Blood clots
• Increased risk of certain types of cancers
• Risk of hormonal imbalances
• Risk of interactions with other medications

Barrier methods, such as condoms, may cause irritation or allergic reactions.

Long-acting methods like IUDs may cause pain or discomfort during insertion and removal.

Natural methods, such as the rhythm method, may not be as effective as other methods and result in unintended pregnancies.

Permanent methods, such as tubal ligation or vasectomy, are permanent and not easily reversible.

What if Birth Control is Delayed?


If birth control is delayed, it can increase the risk of unintended pregnancy. Birth control methods work best when used consistently and correctly.

If a person misses a dose of hormonal birth control (such as the pill), they should take the missed dose as soon as possible and use a backup method of birth control, such as condoms, for the next seven days.

If a person misses multiple doses or forgets to start a new pack of hormonal birth control, they should contact their healthcare provider for advice on how to proceed.

If a barrier method (such as a condom) is not used during intercourse, or if it breaks or slips off, emergency contraception (such as the morning-after pill) may be used to reduce the risk of unintended pregnancy.

Implanon Insertion & Removal

What is Implanon?

Implanon is the brand name for the contraceptive implant containing the hormone Etonogestrel, a hormone similar to the hormone progesterone, which is naturally produced by the female body.

This form of contraceptive is highly effective and lasts up to three years. It is an ideal method for young women leading busy lifestyles requiring safe and effective contraception.

How Effective is the Implanon Contraceptive?

Implanon is at least 99.7% effective.

This means that if 1,000 women use Implanon for a year, it is possible that three women could become pregnant.

How Does Implanon Work?

The Implanon implant slowly releases progestogen into the bloodstream to prevent pregnancy for up to three years. The implant works by:

• Preventing ovulation (egg release from the ovary),
• Thickening the mucus of the cervix so that sperm cannot enter the uterus (womb), and
• Changing the lining of the uterus, thereby making it unsuitable for pregnancy.

Some medications can reduce the effectiveness of Implanon. It is important to inform doctors you have an Implanon when another medication is prescribed.

About the Implanon Procedure

The Implanon insertion procedure is quick and simple.

Using a small flexible rod, a contraceptive implant is inserted under the skin of the upper arm. During the procedure, your arm is under a local anaesthetic.

Menopause Counselling

Menopause

The word ‘menopause’ comes from the Greek words ‘menos’, meaning month and ‘pause’, meaning to cease. Menopause means the monthly period stops.

Menopause is the natural biological process in which a woman's ovaries stop producing eggs, her hormone levels decrease, and she can no longer become pregnant. It typically occurs between 45 and 55 but can happen earlier or later. Menopause is marked by the end of menstruation, confirmed when a woman has not had a period for 12 consecutive months.

During the transition to menopause, which can begin several years before menopause, many women experience hot flashes, night sweats, vaginal dryness, and sleep problems. These symptoms can vary in intensity and duration from woman to woman. Hormonal changes during menopause can also increase the risk of certain health conditions, such as osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease. 

After menopause, a woman's risk of developing specific diseases increases. She needs to maintain a healthy lifestyle and have regular check-ups with her doctor.

What is Menopause Counselling?

Menopause counselling is a therapy that helps women navigate the physical and emotional changes that occur during menopause. Menopause is a natural cessation.

Who is Suitable for Menopause Counselling?

Women experiencing symptoms of menopause, such as hot flashes, night sweats, vaginal dryness, and mood changes, may benefit from menopause counselling.

Benefits of Menopause Counselling

• It helps women understand and manage the physical and emotional changes of menopause.
• Provides women with tools to manage symptoms such as hot flashes, night sweats, vaginal dryness, and mood changes
• It helps women cope with emotional changes and feelings of loss during menopause.

Types of Menopause Counselling

• Cognitive behavioural therapy
• Support groups
• Mindfulness-based therapy
• Psychoeducation

What Happens in a Menopause Counselling?

• Research different types of counselling and find a therapist specialising in menopause.
• Attend regular counselling sessions and work with your therapist to manage your symptoms and address your emotional concerns.
• Continue to attend counselling sessions as needed and take steps to maintain your emotional and physical well-being during the menopausal transition.

Why Consider Menopause Counselling?

Menopause can be a difficult transition for many women, and counselling can help women understand and manage the physical and emotional changes during this time. It can also help women cope with feelings of loss and emotional changes during menopause.

Fertility Treatments

What are Fertility Treatments?

Fertility treatments are medical procedures or techniques to help couples conceive a child. These can include methods such as in vitro fertilisation (IVF), intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), and artificial insemination. They may also include medications to stimulate ovulation and surgery to correct reproductive issues. The goal of fertility treatments is to increase the chances of pregnancy and live birth.

Who is Suitable for Fertility Treatments?

Fertility treatments can be suitable for individuals or couples having difficulty conceiving a child.

There are various reasons why someone might have trouble getting pregnant, including

• issues with ovulation,
• problems with the reproductive organs, or
• problems with the sperm.

Some people may have been diagnosed with conditions such as

• polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS),
• endometriosis, or
• a low sperm count.

Others may have unexplained infertility. Usually, couples or individuals trying to conceive for at least a year without success may be considered for fertility treatments. However, earlier care may be warranted if you are a female 35 years or older or have any other possible fertility concern.

Fertility treatments are not guaranteed to work. Success rates can vary depending on factors such as the underlying cause of infertility, the age of the individual or individuals, and the specific treatment being used.

Benefits of Fertility Treatments

Fertility treatments can offer several benefits to individuals and couples with difficulty conceiving. Some of the potential benefits include the following:

• Increased chances of pregnancy: Fertility treatments can increase the chances of pregnancy and live birth by addressing underlying issues with ovulation, sperm, or the reproductive organs.
• Tailored treatment options: Different fertility treatments can address different causes of infertility. For example, in vitro fertilisation (IVF) may treat blocked fallopian tubes, while intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) may treat a low sperm count
• Timing options: Some fertility treatments, such as ovulation induction and artificial insemination, can be timed to increase the chances of conception.
• Preservation of fertility: Some fertility treatments, such as egg freezing, can preserve fertility for individuals who may want to delay childbearing for personal or medical reasons.
• Emotional support: Fertility treatments can give emotional support to couples struggling with the stress and disappointment of infertility. Other support methods, such as counselling, are available.

Types of Fertility Treatments

Several types of fertility treatments can be used to help couples conceive a child. The three main types are:

• medicines
• surgical procedures
• assisted conception

Infertility Treatment for Women and Men

Depending on the test results, different treatments can be suggested. Eighty-five to 90 per cent of infertility cases are treated with medications and/or surgery.

Various fertility drugs may be used for women with ovulation problems. Talking with your doctor about the drug to be used is essential. You should understand the drug’s benefits and side effects. Depending on the type of fertility drug and the drug dosage used, multiple births (such as twins) can occur in some women.

If needed, surgery can be performed for conditions such as uterine polyps, uterine fibroids, and endometriosis. Sometimes, a man has an infertility problem that surgery can correct.

A complex collection of factors can cause infertility; thus, one treatment does not suit all.

Significant advances have been achieved in assisted reproductive technology, and while IVF may be the best treatment for many patients, other fertility treatments may be more appropriate for some patients.

For the particular population of women and men who will require cancer-related therapies that may threaten their long-term fertility, various treatments may decrease the chances of infertility post-treatment or offer them a chance of having genetic children of their own in the future if their fertility is permanently impaired. We always aim to see them at very short notice to be able to counsel them regarding the options available thoroughly.

We also provide counselling for fertility options for single women and same-sex couples.

Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART)

Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) uses unique methods to help infertile couples. ART involves handling both the woman’s eggs and the man’s sperm. Success rates vary and depend on many factors. ART can be expensive and time-consuming. But ART has allowed many couples to have children that otherwise could not have been conceived.

• In vitro fertilisation (IVF) is a procedure made famous with the 1978 birth of Louise Brown, the world’s first “test-tube baby.” IVF is often used when a woman’s fallopian tubes are blocked or a man has a low sperm count. A drug is used to stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs. Once mature, the eggs are removed and placed in a culture dish with the man’s sperm for fertilisation. After about 17 hours, the eggs are examined to see if they have become fertilised by the sperm. The fertilised eggs are kept in specialised conditions to allow cell development and to grow through to an embryo stage. These embryos are then placed in the woman’s uterus, thus bypassing the fallopian tubes.
• Intracytoplasmic sperm (ICSI) is an additional step in the IVF process that is sometimes required. It involves injecting a single sperm into the egg cell using fine micro-manipulation equipment. It can help to overcome many severe sperm problems.

Ovulation Induction (OI)

This involves taking medication such as tablets or injections to induce ovulation. Then, you will be advised of the optimal time to have intercourse. This is an appropriate treatment for women who do not regularly ovulate. It is of minimal benefit to women who already naturally ovulate each month.

Intrauterine Insemination (IUI)

Intrauterine insemination (IUI) is a fertility treatment involving placing sperm into the woman's uterus using a thin, flexible tube (catheter) during ovulation. The goal is to increase the chances of pregnancy by getting the sperm closer to the egg so that fertilisation is more likely to occur.

IUI can treat various infertility issues, such as mild male factor infertility (low sperm count or poor sperm motility), cervical mucus problems, sexual function problems and when donor sperm is required.IUI is a relatively simple and non-invasive procedure performed in the clinic. The process typically takes only a few minutes and is generally painless.

In Vitro Fertilisation (IVF)

It involves stimulating the ovaries to release more than one egg for the treatment month with fertility medication. Then right before ovulation, the eggs are collected under general anaesthesia via a minor procedure called egg collection or oocyte pick-up (OPU), involving a fine needle through the vagina. The eggs are then fertilised with the sperm by either immersing them in the sperm or by selecting the sperm and injecting it into the egg (ICSI). The fertilised egg (embryo) is then cultured in the laboratory for 2-5 days and inserted back into the uterus to await implantation (attachment to the uterus).

Operative Laparoscopy or Hysteroscopy

This is a day procedure under general anaesthesia where pelvic pathology that may compromise fertility (such as endometriosis, polyps, or fibroids) is treated. An overnight hospital stay may be required following laparoscopy.

Fertility Treatments Prognosis

The prognosis for fertility treatments can vary depending on various factors, including the underlying cause of infertility, the age of the individual or individuals, and the specific treatment being used.

In general, fertility treatments such as ovulation induction, artificial insemination, and intrauterine insemination (IUI) have lower success rates compared to more advanced treatments such as in vitro fertilisation (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).

Fertility treatments have a higher success rate for couples with a specific identifiable cause of infertility. For example, a blocked fallopian tube can be treated with IVF with a high success rate. However, the success rate is slightly lower for couples with unexplained infertility.

Success rates can also vary depending on the woman's age. The younger a woman is, the higher the chances of success with fertility treatments.

Fertility Treatment Risks

Fertility treatments can have certain risks that should be considered before any procedure. Some of the potential risks associated with fertility treatments include

• Multiple pregnancies: Certain fertility treatments, such as ovulation induction and in vitro fertilisation (IVF), increase the chances of having twins or multiple other pregnancies. These pregnancies can be high-risk and may require close monitoring and early delivery.
• Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS): Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome can be a  severe complication that can occur with ovulation induction and in vitro fertilisation (IVF). It occurs when the ovaries become swollen and painful due to the growth of multiple follicles. Symptoms can range from mild to severe and, in rare cases, life-threatening.
• Ectopic pregnancy: Ectopic pregnancy is a severe condition when a fertilised egg implants outside the uterus. It is an uncommon complication of fertility treatments but can be life-threatening if not treated promptly.
• Miscarriage: Fertility treatments do not guarantee a successful pregnancy, and miscarriage can still occur even with fertility treatments.
• Emotional stress: Fertility treatments can be emotionally stressful and can take a toll on individuals and couples, especially if they don't result in a successful pregnancy.
• Cost: Fertility treatments can be expensive and not covered by insurance.

Delaying Fertility Treatments

Delaying fertility treatments can impact the chances of success and the overall outcome of the treatment.

The chances of success with fertility treatments decrease as a woman ages. The quality and quantity of a woman's eggs decline as she ages, and the risk of miscarriage and chromosomal abnormalities in the embryo increases. This is why fertility treatments are often more successful in younger women.

Therefore, if the treatment is delayed, the eggs will be older and less likely to fertilise and develop into embryos.

Delaying fertility treatments can also prolong the emotional stress and disappointment of infertility for couples. The longer a couple waits for treatment, the longer they have to deal with the emotional and psychological stress of infertility.

It's important to note that infertility can have multiple causes, some of which may be reversible. Therefore, it is essential to consult a Reproductive Endocrinologist (RE) when the couple starts having difficulty conceiving.

What is Men’s Health?

Men's health refers to men's general physical and mental well-being, including preventing and treating diseases and conditions more common in men and promoting healthy behaviours and lifestyles.

Men’s Health encompasses various issues, including sexual and reproductive health, cardiovascular health, mental health, and preventative care for conditions such as cancer and osteoporosis. It also includes information about healthy diet, exercise, stress management, and relationship and family issues.

We provide specialised men’s health services aimed at these needs.

Consultations are conducted in a confidential and private consulting room and may cover

• health screening,
• prostate checks,
• blood screening,
• blood pressure checks and
• sexual health checks.

About Men’s Health

Australian men are more likely to get sick than women from serious health problems. We help men at all stages of life, including issues with:

• Prostate Enlargement or Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)
• Erectile Dysfunction or Premature Ejaculation
• Gynaecomastia
• Mental Health
• Testosterone Deficiency
• STD Testing
• High Blood Cholesterol
• High Blood Pressure
• Diabetes
• Smoking
• Obesity

Factors Affecting Men’s Health

There are a variety of factors that may impact and make men vulnerable to particular health issues. These can include:

• Lifestyle: Poor diet, lack of physical activity, smoking, and excessive alcohol consumption can contribute to various health problems, including heart disease, diabetes, and cancer.
• Stress: Chronic stress can lead to various physical and mental health issues, including high blood pressure, heart disease, and depression.
• Environment: Exposure to pollution, toxins, and other environmental factors can negatively impact men's health.
• Genetics: Certain genetic conditions, such as hemochromatosis (which causes the body to absorb too much iron) and prostate cancer, are more common in men.
• Age: As men age, they are at a higher risk of developing certain health conditions, such as heart disease, prostate cancer, and osteoporosis.
• Social factors: Poverty, lack of access to healthcare, and social isolation can all impact a man's health.

Why is Men’s Health Important?

Men's health is essential for several reasons, including:

• Preventing and managing chronic conditions
• Improving overall well-being
• Improving mental health
• Improving sexual and reproductive health
• Enhancing personal relationships
• Boosting self-confidence
• Improving work performance

Preventative Men's Health

Men's health is relevant for all adult males, regardless of age, race, or socioeconomic status. It encompasses a wide range of issues specific to men; as such, all men need to be aware of and take steps to maintain their health.

Some common health concerns specific to men include prostate cancer, testicular cancer, low testosterone levels, and conditions such as heart disease and depression, which are more common among men than women.

By understanding these health concerns, men can take steps to reduce their risk and maintain good health throughout their lives.

Preventative men's health refers to preventing the development of certain health conditions before they occur.

Our doctors conduct preventative health checks and provide education to suit each patient's needs.

Regular Health Checks

Regular check-ups with your doctor can help detect and prevent potential health problems.

Physical Examination

From time to time, your height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) will be checked during examinations. Depending on individual risk factors, men over 45 may need to undergo a physical exam once every three years.

Blood Pressure Check

Men with a history of borderline or high blood pressure should have their blood pressure checked at least every year. Men with diabetes-raised cholesterol levels, heart disease, kidney problems, or other related conditions must also have their blood pressure checked regularly.

Diabetes Screening

Men aged 40 or above should get tested for diabetes every three years. Men with blood pressure above 135/80 will be recommended by their healthcare provider to check their blood sugar for diabetes.

Bone Density

A bone density test should be performed for men over 65; depending on their risk factors, they may need to be screened for osteoporosis.

Colon Cancer Screening

Men between the ages of 50 and 75 need to be screened for colon cancer. The National Bowel Cancer Screening Program invites Australians over 50 to screen for bowel cancer using a free, simple test at home. This aims to reduce deaths from bowel cancer through early detection of the disease.

Your doctor may schedule additional studies if you have a history of ulcerative colitis or any family history of colon cancer.

Eye Examination

An eye examination is recommended every two years for men older than 45 or with vision abnormalities. You may need to be checked for glaucoma once you are over 45.

Mental Health

Mental Health Assessment

Mental health assessment for men is a process used to evaluate a man's mental well-being and identify any issues affecting his ability to function. Our doctors can conduct a mental health assessment.

The assessment may include thoroughly evaluating the individual's mental and emotional state, including their mood, thought patterns, and behaviour. The doctor will also ask about any symptoms the individual may be experiencing, such as anxiety, depression, or stress.

The assessment may also include reviewing the individual's medical history and any medications or other treatments they are currently receiving. The doctor will conduct cognitive and psychological tests to assess the individual's memory, attention, and reasoning abilities.

Prostate Checkups

Men should have a checkup for prostate cancer starting at age 50 or earlier if there is a family history of the disease.

What is Prostate Cancer Screening?

All men over 50 should have a Prostate Cancer Check once every 24 months. Prostate Cancer checks are typically simple and are conducted at the practice. The two tests are:

• Prostate-specific antigen (PSA Blood Test) measures your antigen levels for your age
• Digital rectal examination (DRE), where the doctor feels the prostate using his finger.

Testicular Cancer Checks

What is Testicular Cancer Screening?

Although testicular cancer is rare, it is one of the most common cancers in men aged between 15 and 45. It is also one of the most curable cancers if found early.

What are the Treatments for Testicular Cancer?

If cancer is found, there are various approaches that your doctor will detail, but the earlier the intervention, the better the outcome.

Sexually Transmitted Diseases Checks

Practising safe sex and getting regular check-ups for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) can help prevent the spread of these diseases.

What is Sexual or STD Screening?

Our doctors can order urine or blood tests to check for the following:

• Chlamydia,
• Gonorrhoea,
• Hepatitis B and C,
• Herpes,
• HIV,
• Syphilis.

Types of Sexually Transmitted Diseases

There are three types of STD disease agents, these are:

• Viruses (human papillomavirus, genital herpes, HIV)
• Bacteria (gonorrhoea, syphilis, chlamydia)
• Parasites (trichomonas)

Erectile Dysfunction

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is when a man cannot obtain or maintain an erection firm enough for sexual intercourse.

What are the Causes of Erectile Dysfunction?

As men age, many contributing health conditions may lead to reduced erectile function. Some common conditions include the following:

• Heart disease
• Clogged blood vessels (atherosclerosis)
• High cholesterol and blood pressure
• Diabetes and Obesity
• Certain prescription medications
• Tobacco, alcohol or other forms of substance abuse
• Poor sleep and stress
• Prostate cancer or enlarged prostate BPH

Treatments for Erectile Dysfunction

Several treatment options exist after being assessed for any underlying physical and psychological conditions.

Subject to pre-existing conditions and medications, common and effective treatments can include:

• Devices like pumps
• Medications, including pills and injections,
• Surgery

Our doctor can assess and discuss your specific options.